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Glossary

The vocabulary of AI search

Every metric here is one we publish a formula for. Where a definition involves a judgement call, such as which brands belong in a share-of-voice denominator, the entry says so rather than glossing it.

Generative engine optimization (GEO)

The practice of getting a brand named and cited inside answers written by AI assistants, rather than ranked in a list of links.

Answer engine optimization (AEO)

A near synonym for GEO, usually emphasising direct-answer surfaces such as AI Overviews and featured snippets rather than conversational assistants.

AI visibility scoreFormula published

The share of AI answers that mention your brand, weighted so that higher-demand questions and higher-reach engines count for more.

AI share of voiceFormula published

Your brand's proportion of all brand mentions detected across a set of AI answers, measured against the competitors appearing alongside you.

Citation rateFormula published

The proportion of AI answers that cite at least one page on your own domain as a source.

Search decoupling

The pattern where search impressions hold steady while clicks decline, because AI answers resolve the question without the user visiting a site.

Fan-out queries

The hidden sub-questions a generative engine generates from one user prompt, each retrieving its own sources before the answer is written.

llms.txt

A proposed plain-text file at a site's root that offers language models a curated map of its most useful pages.

AI Overviews

Google's generated summary that appears above the traditional results for many queries, citing a small set of sources.

Google AI Mode

Google's conversational search surface, powered by Gemini, which answers in dialogue rather than returning a ranked list.

Brand mention position

Where your brand appears in the order of brands named within a single AI answer, counting from the first mention.

Answer engine

A system that responds to a question with a written answer rather than a list of links, naming sources inside or beneath it.

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)

The pattern where a model searches for relevant documents first, then writes its answer using what it found.

Grounding

Tying a generated statement to a specific retrieved source, so the claim can be attributed rather than invented.

Hallucination

A confident statement from a model that is not supported by any source, including invented facts about brands.

Zero-click search

A search where the user gets what they needed on the results page and never visits a website.

E-E-A-T

Google's framework for assessing content quality: experience, expertise, authoritativeness and trust.

Entity SEO

Optimising so machines understand what your brand is, what it does and how it relates to other things, rather than which keywords it targets.

Schema markup

Machine-readable code that tells a crawler what a page is and what each part of it means.

AI crawlers

The user agents AI companies use to fetch web pages, either for training or to answer a question in the moment.

Knowledge graph

A structured map of entities and the relationships between them, used to reason about what a thing is rather than what words describe it.

Prompt volume

An estimate of how often a tracked question is asked, used to weight some questions more heavily than others.

Topic cluster

A group of tracked questions covering the same buying topic, scored and acted on together rather than individually.

Source class

The type of site a citation comes from: editorial, corporate, user-generated, reference, or your own domain.

Content angle

The editorial stance a cited page takes: cost, depth, authority, freshness, or written for a named audience.

Brand sentiment

Whether a mention of your brand in an AI answer is positive, neutral or negative.

Looking for the arithmetic rather than the definition? Every formula the product computes is documented at /metric-docs, including the engine weights.

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